ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of selenoprotein M (SelM) in endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis in nickel-exposed mouse hearts and to explore the detoxifying effects of melatonin. At 21 d after intraperitoneal injection of nickel chloride (NiCl2) and/or melatonin into male wild-type (WT) and SelM knockout (KO) C57BL/6J mice, NiCl2 was found to induce changes in the microstructure and ultrastructure of the hearts of both WT and SelM KO mice, which were caused by oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis, as evidenced by decreases in malondialdehyde (MDA) content and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity. Changes in the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress (activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), inositol-requiring protein 1 (IRE1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP)) and apoptosis (B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Caspase-12) were also observed. Notably, the observed damage was worse in SelM KO mice. Furthermore, melatonin alleviated the heart injury caused by NiCl2 in WT mice but could not exert a good protective effect in the heart of SelM KO mice. Overall, the findings suggested that the antioxidant capacity of SelM, as well as its modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis, plays important roles in nickel-induced heart injury.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Apoptosis , Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress , Melatonin/pharmacology , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Nickel/adverse effects , Selenoproteins/genetics , Heart/drug effectsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors of elderly patients with osteoporosis. Methods The basic data of 900 elderly people in Xining City from February 2015 to February 2018 were investigated. The proximal femur and L2～4 bone mineral density were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Osteoporosis was diagnosed and its epidemiological characteristics and risk factors were analyzed. Results Among the 900 elderly people in Xining,276 had osteoporosis,624 did not have osteoporosis, and the prevalence rate was 30. 67%. There were significant differences in gender,body mass index,smoking,alcoholism,family history of osteoporosis between elderly people with osteoporosis and those without osteoporosis ( all P＜0. 05) . The incidence of osteoporosis was 26. 63%(192／721),47. 41%(64／135) and 45. 45%( 20／44) in the elderly of Han nationality,Tibetan nationality and Hui nationality,respectively. The average bone density of femoral trochanter,bilateral femoral neck,Ward＇s triangle and L2～4 in the elderly of different age groups in Xining city was 2. 63%(192／721) . The prevalence of femoral trochanter,bilateral femoral neck,Ward＿s triangle and L2～4 was lower in male elderly than in female elderly ( all P＜0. 05) . By logistic regression analysis, female ( OR＝2. 573, 95%CI1. 319～3. 086), age growth ( OR＝3. 076,95%CI1. 128～3. 746),bad living habits ( OR＝1. 796,95%CI1. 154～5. 286) and family history of osteoporosis(OR＝1. 641,95%CI1. 128～4. 376) were elderly in Xining. Risk factors of osteoporosis ( all P＜0. 05) . Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis in 900 elderly people in Xining City was 30. 67%. With the increase of age,the bone mineral density of the elderly gradually decreased. The average bone mineral density of L2～4 was higher than that of proximal femur,and the average bone mineral density of females was lower than that of males. The occurrence of osteoporosis was attributed to females,age growth,bad living habits and family history of osteoporosis. Risk factors can provide reference for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in the elderly in Xining.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effection of the pulmonary function of patients of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with asthma which treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) based comprehensive treatment.@*METHOD@#There were 50 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis with asthma whom met the study criteria. 35 cases enrolled in the tri al group, which treated with endoscopic sinus surgery, and routine perioperative tratment. Another 15 cases as control group which underwent conservative treatment. Both groups underwent the rule treatment of asthma. The main monitoring indexes, which included visual analogue scale (VAS) score, endoscopic Lund-Kennedy score, control of asthma symptoms, the pulmonary function which involved forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), the ratio of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF), were measured in the patients of each groups before surgery, follow-up for 1 year and 3-year.@*RESULT@#Our study found that the VAS score of CRS with asthma was significantly negatively correlated with FEV1 and PEF (P < 0.05), endoscopic Lund-Kennedy score was significantly negatively correlated with PEF (P < 0.05); After the trial group underwent ESS based comprehensive treatment, the improvement of VAS score and endoscopic Lund-Kennedy score of postoperative compared with preoperative and the same period in the control group were significantly (P < 0.05). The difference of the postoperative asthma control rate of trial group after 1 year and after 3 years, respectively, compared with the same period control group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The preoperative FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC and PEF of trial group compared with preoperative were significantly (P < 0.05). Even the difference of them compared with the same period control group were significantly (P < 0.05), except the FVC in the follow-up 3 years (P = 0.088).@*CONCLUSION@#The CRS may aggravate asthma symptoms and affect negatively the pulmonary function, and poor asthma control or aggravate may exacerbate the CRS in the course of CRS with asthma patient. With ESS based on combined therapy, it can improve the condition of CRS significantly and improve the control of asthma symptoms and pulmonary function else.